Personality Traits in Kovurkizhar Songs

Kovoorkizhar was one of the most scholarly poets of the Sangam age. He is one of the 15 Kizhar poets in the Purananooru. Supported by the Chola dynasty, he was of the view that there should be love, righteousness, and peace in politics. It is to be seen from his Purananooru songs in this thesis that the ruling kings, however, kept their anger aside and worked diligently to change their wrong policies and make them better. There are 15 songs in Purananooru sung by him. Of these, the four songs from 44 to 47 in the Purananooru can identify his personality traits. The songs were performed in person by the four Chola kings (Nalankilli, Nedunkilli, Kulamuruthathu, Thunjiya Killivalavan, and Kurapalli Thunjiya Killivalavan) speak volumes about their power and virtues. He has also highlighted the personality traits of the kings featured in those songs. It is to be noted that Kovoor Kizhar sang two of the six songs (68 and 70) in Purananooru about the field of Panatruppadai. It is explained in this review that the poets featured in these songs were selfless and respected the welfare of others. Along with these, a song (308) is featured in the Mullaithurai of Moodin, sung by Kovoorkizhar. This thesis describes the lives of the Panars and the great power of the King of Seerur

Eff ect of gamma rays on germination, morphological and yield characters of bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench)

Bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench) is the most common vegetable crop of the world. The genus Abelmoschus belongs to family Malvaceae is represented by 12 species. This investigation was carried out to the study of different doses of gamma irradiation on bhendi seeds of varieties arka anamika. Gamma irradiation treatment at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 KR levels. The main objective of the present study is to determine the effect gamma irradiation on different morpho-agronomic characteristics. Agronomic traits were analyzed such as days of first flower, height of plants, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, seed yield per plant, fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant, 100 seed weight. The seed pre-soaked in distilled water for 6 h before the sown in the field. The results showed that the positive shift with respect to all parameters. High doses of gammairradiation (40 and 50 KR) observed in moderate to high values

Spatial distribution of Groundwater quality assessment using Water Quality Index and GIS techniques in Thanjavur Taluk, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India

Assessment of groundwater quality is of utmost importance to ensure sustainable use of water. Since the availability of water, irrespective of quantity and quality, varies from area to area in Thanjavur taluk. The present paper attempts to determine the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters and identify locations with the best quality for drinking and irrigation in the study area using GIS and WQI. Using IDW interpolation methods with ArcGIS 10.8, the spatial distribution maps of physical parameters, anions, cations, WQI, and irrigations indices have been generated. Piper pilot shows that Ca-Mg-Cl (mixed), Na-Cl, Ca-Cl, and Ca–Mg–HCO3 water types are found in the study area. Using a water quality index with a rating scale, 42.85%, 28.57%, and 14.3% of groundwater samples are fit, good, and very poor for drinking purposes, respectively. The obtained results of higher SAR, RSC, Na% show that 75% of groundwater samples are perfectly fit for irrigation purposes due to the long residence time of water, dissolution of minerals from lithological composition, and the addition of chemical fertilizers.  The results of groundwater quality analysis have been used to suggest models for assessing water quality. The present study ascertained that the area's groundwater must be treated prior to consumption and protected from the perils of contamination

Assessing the genetic diversity of Indian Kharif sorghum landraces through agro-morphological characterization (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

The agro-morphological characterization of local germplasm provides insight into existing diversity, enables the identification of desirable traits, and enhances crop improvement. The present study evaluated 96 kharif sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) landraces and 6 checks using 20 agro-morphological traits at two locations, ICAR-IIMR in Hyderabad and Experimental Farm at Annamalai University in Annamalai Nagar, using alpha lattice design with 2 replications during 2021 kharif to assess genetic diversity. Results showed significant genetic variability among the 20 traits (P<0.01), providing opportunities for improvement. The high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic components of variance (PCV) exhibited among the traits indicated their genetic determination and potential for improvement through breeding programs. High heritability and genetic advance also indicated the presence of additive genes, offering reliable improvement through trait selection. The correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between grain yield and several desirable traits, including panicle length, width, primary branch length, hundred seed weight, number of leaves, and total tillers per plant, indicating that grain yield can be improved by selecting accessions with desirable characteristics for these traits. The Cluster analysis using Euclidean distance revealed (four distinct clusters), with Cluster I being the most differentiated. These clusters may serve as valuable resources for hybridization programs. The PCA analysis indicated that the first three PCs accounted for 43.26% of the total variation and highlighted the key agro-morphological traits driving diversity. The results of this study demonstrated the significant genetic diversity among kharif sorghum landraces, providing a promising opportunity for varietal development programs.

Bat pollination of kapok tree, Ceiba pentandra

Two species of pteropodid bats Cynopterus sphinx and Pteropus giganteus visited inflorescences of kapok trees, Ceiba pentandra through the night. A third species, Rousettus leschenaulti infrequently visited the inflorescences. Both C. sphinx and P. giganteus foraged in groups and there were temporal variations in their visits to the trees. The ventral body surfaces of the bats were covered with pollen grains when they landed on the inflorescences to lap up the nectar. In addition to bats, moths also visited the inflorescences. Bat and insectexclusion experiments were performed to study their pollination efficiency. Bats were more efficient in pollinating flowers of C. pentandra than other pollinators like insects

Gamma rays, EMS and DES induced changes on cytology of bhendi [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]

Mutation breeding in crop plants such as bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus (L). Moench) is a successful approach in change of product having narrow genetic base. In the present study to the determine the effect of physical mutagen such as gamma rays and chemical mutagens such as Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and Diethyl sulphate (DES) were used. The seeds were treating with different doses/concentration of Gamma irradiation (10KR, 20KR, 30KR, 40KR, 50KR and 60KR), EMS and DES (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6%) for six hours were applied to 200 seed sample of each concentration and one respective control on bhendi. plants of four generations viz., M1, M2, M3 and M4. The cytological analysis, for example, chromosomal number was watched and recorded for images. The maximum changes of chromosome were observed in 50 KR of gamma rays and 0.4 % of EMS treatments than the other physical and chemical mutagens. The length and shape of chromosome for varied in treated plants than the untreated plants

WEIGHT BASED DEDUPLICATION FOR MINIMIZING DATA REPLICATION IN PUBLIC CLOUD STORAGE

The approach to minimize data replication in cloud storage is one of the challenging issues to process text data. The amount of digital data has been increasing exponentially. There is a need to reduce the amount of storage space by storing the data efficiently. In cloud storage environment, the data replication provides high availability with fault tolerance system. An effective approach of deduplication system using a weight based method is proposed at the target level in order to reduce the storage space in cloud. Storage space can be efficiently utilized by removing the unpopular files from the secondary servers. Target level consumes less processing power than Source level deduplication. Input text documents are stored into Dropbox cloud. The Term Frequency (TF) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) of the documents are found. The text features found are stored in database using MySQL. After storing features in database, fresh text documents are collected to find popular and unpopular files. TF and NER are found for the freshly collected text documents and duplicate features are removed to compare with the features stored in the database. On comparison, relevant text documents are listed. After listing text documents, document frequency, document weight and threshold factor are found. Depending on threshold factor, the popular and unpopular files are detected. The popular files are replicated in all the storage nodes to achieve availability. Before deduplication, the storage space occupied in the Dropbox cloud is 8.09MB. After deduplication, the unpopular files are removed from secondary storage nodes and the storage space occupied in the Dropbox cloud is 4.82MB. Finally, data replications are minimized and 45.6% of the cloud storage space is efficiently saved by applying weight based deduplication